Insurance is one of the most important parts of a creative finance deal. When done correctly, it protects the seller's equity, the buyer's investment, and the lender's interest.

Proper Insurance Structure for Creative Finance

The Correct Setup

A properly structured insurance policy for a creative finance deal should include:

Named Insured #1: Seller (Original Borrower)

The seller's name remains on the policy. This is essential. Do not remove them.

Named Insured #2: The Trust

If the property is held in a revocable living trust or revocable trust, the trust should be named as an insured.

Named Insured #3: Buyer / Buyer's LLC

The buyer or their entity is added as an additional named insured to protect their interest.

Mortgagee Clause: Existing Lender (Unchanged)

The original lender remains listed as the loss payee. This protects their collateral interest and avoids triggering reviews.

How Insurance Claims Often Work

When a property has multiple named insured parties and a mortgagee, insurance claims are often handled in this order:

Claim Payment Distribution

Step 1: Claim Check Issued

The insurance company issues a claim check. For many claims, the check will be made payable to the named insured(s) and the mortgagee (lender).

Step 2: Endorsement

Because the check can be made out to multiple parties, they must endorse it before it can be used. This helps protect the interests of those involved.

Step 3: Repair Funds

In many cases, the lender will release the funds to be used for repairs. Insurance claims and payouts depend on the policy, the loss, and the lender’s process.

Step 4: Managing Repairs

When property is held in a trust, the trustee often oversees how repair funds are used to ensure the work is completed.

Key point: The insurance claims process in creative finance is essentially the same as any situation where there's a mortgage on a property. The lender protects their interest, and funds are used to repair or restore the property.

Total Loss Scenarios

If a property is completely destroyed (total loss), the insurance payout follows a specific priority:

Priority 1: Existing Mortgage Paid First

The bank holding the first mortgage is paid first from the insurance proceeds. This is exactly how it works in any traditional mortgage situation. The mortgage balance is cleared.

Priority 2: Seller's Equity Note (If Applicable)

If the seller carried a second-position note for their equity, they are paid next from the remaining proceeds. The seller's equity is protected because the property was insured at replacement value.

Priority 3: Remaining Funds to Buyer

Any remaining insurance proceeds after the mortgage and seller note are satisfied go to the buyer as the beneficial owner of the property.

Common Insurance Questions

Should I notify the lender about insurance changes?

No. Adding additional named insured parties to a policy is a normal occurrence and does not require lender notification. The key is that:

  • The mortgagee clause remains unchanged
  • The seller (original borrower) remains named
  • Coverage amounts remain adequate

Insurance companies handle this routinely. There's no reason to contact the lender.

Who pays for insurance in a creative finance deal?

The buyer typically pays for insurance as part of their monthly obligation. This is usually handled through a loan servicer who collects insurance and tax escrow along with the monthly payment, then pays these bills on behalf of all parties.

Can the buyer switch insurance companies?

Yes, but the new policy must maintain the same structure:

  • Seller remains as named insured
  • Trust is named (if applicable)
  • Buyer/LLC is named
  • Mortgagee clause lists the existing lender
  • Coverage is at least equal to the previous policy

It's often advisable to keep the existing insurance company to avoid any gaps or changes that might draw attention.

What type of insurance is needed?

The property should have:

  • Dwelling coverage: At replacement cost value (not actual cash value)
  • Liability coverage: Typically $300,000-$500,000 minimum
  • Additional coverage: As required by the mortgage (flood insurance in flood zones, etc.)

If the property will be rented, it may need a landlord policy rather than a standard homeowner's policy. Discuss specific requirements with an insurance agent who understands investment properties.

How does the trustee oversee repairs?

When property is held in a trust and an insurance claim is filed:

  • The trustee receives the claim check (along with other named parties)
  • The trustee coordinates with the lender to release funds
  • The trustee oversees that repairs are completed
  • This protects both the seller (whose name is on the mortgage) and the buyer (who controls the property)

The trustee acts as a neutral party helping ensure everyone's interests are considered during the claims process.

Check Yourself

Q: Who should be named on the insurance policy in a creative finance deal?

A: The seller (original borrower), the trust (if applicable), the buyer or buyer's LLC, and the existing lender in the mortgagee clause.

Q: In a total loss, who gets paid first from the insurance proceeds?

A: The existing mortgage (first position) is paid first, then the seller's equity note (if in second position), then any remaining goes to the buyer.

Q: Why does the seller remain as a named insured?

A: The mortgage is still in their name, so they need to be protected. Removing them could create issues with the lender.

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